How can Castillo de San Marcos be used as a primary source to identify St. Augustine's significance? Objective Students will use primary and secondary sources to prepare for their field trip and use discussion questions to reflect on their experience. Background The Timucua were the Native Americans living in Florida before the arrival of the Europeans. Learn more about the Timucuan Ecological and Historic Preserve or Timucuan Technology . Spanish explorer Ponce de Leon arrived in Florida in 1513 and others soon followed. Pedro Menendez established the first permanent settlement in St. Augusti Duration: 90 Minutes.