What do animals need to survive? What are some of the “limiting factors” that affect their survival? Objective Tell the students that they are about to become moose or other components of habitat in a highly involving physical activity. The students will identify and describe food, water, and shelter as three essential components of habitat, describe the importance of good habitat for animals, and recognize that some fluctuations in wildlife populations are natural as ecological systems undergo constant change. Background Tell the students that they are about to become moose or other component Duration: 30 Minutes.